William



(No Model.)

W. G. WREN.

REFRIGERATOR AND MEANS FOR PRODUGINGARTIFIGIAL 001m). NO. 277,649. Patented May 15,1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM C. WREN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO \VILLIAM C. BENJAMIN, OF SAME PLACE.

REFRIGERATOR AND MEANS FOR PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL COLD- SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,649, dated May 15, 1883.

Application filedJannary 17, 1883. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM C. WREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Refrigerators and Means for Producing Artificial Gold, of which the following is a specification.-

Myin vention relates to refrigerators wherein the cold is produced by artificial means, and to the apparatus by means of which the cold is produced. I attain these objects by the apparatus illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- 1 Figure l is a view in perspective of a refrigerator with my improvement attached. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the cook or valve D and a portion of the cylinder A. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the pipe I, coupling H, and coupling L. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the coil of pipe N.

Similarletters refer to similarparts throughout the several views.

A is a cylinder into which any dry and elastic gas is pumped at a high pressure.

B is a refrigerator, inside of which, near'the top, a coil of pipe, N, is placed.

N, Fig. 4, is a plan view of the coil of pipe or tubing which is placed inside of the refrig- 0 erator B, near the top, as shown by the dotted lines at the top of Fig. 1.

G is a cylinder containing a suitable absorbing material or fluid, and is connected to the outlet end of the coil N by the pipe S, as shown 5 at O in Fig. l.

D is a cook or valve attached to the cylinder A, and is connected to the pipe I by a coupling, H, which is readily detachable, so as to allow of the cylinder A being replaced hya 40 full one when exhausted.

I, Figsl and 3, is a pipe having on its lower end a coupling, H, to attach it to the cock D on the cylinder A, and having the outside circumference of its other end threaded, so that 5 the same may be connected to the coupling L on. the coil of pipe N. The inside of the pipe I, at the end where it is attached to the coil of pipe N, is reduced to a very small orifice, as shown at K in Fig. 3. The pipe I is also constructed in such a manner that the small orimight-angled end of the 000K D is threaded on fice K and the coupling L are close to the refrigerator B, as shown at L in Fig. 1.

P is a common valve, attached to the cylinder 0, having a coupling, G, as shown in Fig. 1, the coupling G being for the purpose of readily detaching the cylinder when necessary. The cock 1) has an orifice through it turning at right angles, as shown in the sectional view in Fig. 2, with an enlarged and heveled orifice at one part, as shown at R in Fig. 2, said beveled orifice forming a seatfor the screw-thread ed spindle F. To prevent the escape of gas between the threads formed inside of the cock D and the threads formed on the spindle F, the

its circumference and fitted with a coupling, E, through which the spindle F passes, thus forming a packing-gland between the end of the cock I) and the coupling E, and when packed with a suitable packing and when the coupling E is screwed up tight an impervious joint is formed, thus preventing any escape of gas.

The method of operating the apparatus is as follows: Having constructed the parts as shown in the different views, and having connected the parts together, as shown in Fig. 1, a dry elastic gasis compressed at a high pressure into the cylinder A, and the cylinder 0 is filled with a proper absorbentmaterial or fluid, so that when the contents of the cylinder A come in contact with the contents of the cylinder 0 the contents of the cylinder 0 will ab sorb and hold the gas from the cylinder A. WVhen the cylinders A and 0 have been filled and attached as described, the cook or valve P, which is attached to the cylinder 0, is opened to its fullest extent, and the cook or valve D, which is attached to thecylinder A, is slightly opened, which allows the gas in the cylinder 0 A to escape into the pipe 1. From thence the 7 gas escapes in a very fine stream through the opening or small cone-shaped orifice K into the coil of pipe N, which is situated inside the refrigerator 13, near its top. The gas, by the 5 act of expansion after it leaves the small coneshaped orifice K in its passage through the coil of pipe N, produces cold, thus cooling the refrigerator. After passing through the coil of pipe N, the gas, after having exhausted its I09 cold-producin g properties, is absorbed into the cylinder 0. When the cylinder A is exhausted, it may be replaced by afull one by detaching the exhausted cylinder from the pipe I at the coupling H, and when the cylinder 0 is full, or the contents of the cylinder 0 will absorb'no more, it may be detached at the coupling G and a fresh one substituted for it.

It is a well-known fact that the expansion of gases will produce cold, and the object of having the small inlet-orifice K situated in the pipe I, near the outside of the refrigerator, is that the expansion or cold-producin g power of the gas may not act until the gas reaches the point where it is wanted--viz.,the inside of the coil N.

I am aware that by various means refrigeratory action has been and is produced in cooling-chambers of various kinds by a coil of pipe or connected series of tubes placed therein, the same being attached to and connected with receptacles containing anhydrous ammonia and other gases which by their expansion .in the coil or tubes maintain refrigeratory action in the chambers; but in all apparatus heretofore used to produce cold by the discharge of a gas from a receptacle into a coil of pipe or connected series of tubes placed inside a rei'rigerating-chamber the expansion of the gas takes place immediatelyupon its release from the reservoir or receptacle containing the gas; but by my invention, as shown, the expansion of the gas willnottake place, and consequently I produce cold, until the gas has passed through the cone shaped orifice, as shown and described, placed close to the refrigerating-coil, whichis inside the refrigeratory chamber. Thus none of the heat is absorbed by the action of the gas on the outside of the cooling-chamber.

is produced by compressing and the storage of 50 a gas in a cylinder and by the expansion and the passage of the gas through a coil of pipe inside the refrigerator, as described, the combination of a detachable connecting-pipal,

having attached thereto on the interiora small cone-shaped orifice, K, as described, and a regulating-cock, D, all for the purpose asv shown and described.

3. The combination, with a refrigerator wherein cold is produced and maintained artificially by means of the passage of a gas through and the expansion of a gas in a coil of pipe situated inside the refrigerator, having connected therewith a cylinder containing compressed gas and a receptacle containing a suitable absorbent to take up the gas after its passage through the coil, of a small coneshaped orifice inside a connecting-pipe, I, situated near the coil N, inside the refrigerator, said pipe I having a coupling to attach to the cock D and coil N, together with the regulating cock or valve D, all for the purpose as shown and described.

WILLIAM G. VVREN.

Witnesses:

F. W. HANAFORD, WM. H. WEIGHTMAN. 

